References

What Do We Believe?

Children of the Earth:

The Wheel of Becoming:

  • Chapple, Christopher Key. “Animals in Jainism.” The Global Guide to Animal Protection. Ed. Andrew Linzey. Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2013. 244-245.
  • Krishna, Nanditha. Sacred Animals of India. Haryana, India: Penguin India, 2014.
  • Noss, John B. & David S. Man’s Religions, 7th Edition. New York, NY: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1984.
  • Orgyen Trinle Dorje. “Talk on Vegetarianism.” KagyuMonlam.org. 2007. http://www.shabkar.org/download/pdf/Talk_on_Vegetarianism.pdf
  • Quandel, Kyle. “The Bhavacakra Brief.” Kyle Quandel. http://kylequandel.wordpress.com/2012/03/22/bhavacakra/
  • Sadakata, Akira. Buddhist Cosmology: Philosophy and Origins. Tokyo, Japan: Kosei Publishing, 1997.
  • Vireswarananda, Swami (trans.). Srimad Bhagavad Gita. Chennai, India: Sri Ramakrishna Math, 2010.
  • Wynne-Tyson, Jon. The Extended Circle: A Commonplace Book of Animal Rights. New York, NY: Paragon House, 1989.
  • Yadav, Yogendra and Sanjay Kumar. “The Food Habits of a Nation.” The Hindu. August 14, 2006. http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/the-food-habits-of-a-nation/article3089973.ece

The Great Chain of Being:

  • Aquinas, Thomas. “Differences Between Rational and Other Creatures.” Animal Rights and Human Obligations. Ed. Tom Regan and Peter Singer. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1976. 56-59.
  • Aristotle. “How Humans Differ from Other Creatures.” Animal Rights and Human Obligations. Ed. Tom Regan and Peter Singer. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1976. 53-55.
  • Aristotle. “Animals and Slavery.” Animal Rights and Human Obligations. Ed. Tom Regan and Peter Singer. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1976. 109-110.
  • Armstrong, Susan J. and Richard G. Botzler. “Animal Ethics: A Sketch of How it Developed and Where it is Now.” The Animal Ethics Reader, Second Edition. Ed. Susan J. Armstrong and Richard G. Botzler. London, UK: Routledge, 2008. 1-14.
  • Cottingham, John. “‘A Brute to the Brutes?:’ Descartes’ Treatment of Animals.” Philosophy 53, no. 206 (October 1978), 551-559.
  • Descartes, René. “Animals are Machines.” Animal Rights and Human Obligations. Ed. Tom Regan and Peter Singer. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1976. 60-66.
  • “Introduction to the Renaissance.” City University of New York. Last modified March 29, 2009. http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/english/melani/cs6/ren.html
  • Messenger, Stephen. “All Animals Go to Heaven, Says Pope Francis.” The Dodo. December 8, 2014. https://www.thedodo.com/animals-go-to-heaven-says-pope-866342824.html
  • Wynne-Tyson, Jon. The Extended Circle: A Commonplace Book of Animal Rights. New York, NY: Paragon House, 1989.

The Tree of Life:

  • Brouwers, Lucas. “The Most Common Misconception About Evolution.” Thoughtnomics. December 21st, 2009. http://www.lucasbrouwers.nl/blog/2009/12/the-most-common-misconception-about-evolution/
  • Catania, A. Charles and Victor G. Laties. “Pavlov and Skinner: Two Lives in Science (An Introduction to B. F. Skinner’s ‘Some Responses to the Stimulus “Pavlov”‘).” Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 72, no. 3 (November 1999), 455-461.
  • Darwin, Charles. “Comparison of the Mental Powers of Man and the Lower Animals.” Animal Rights and Human Obligations. Ed. Tom Regan and Peter Singer. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1976. 72-81.
  • Dawkins, Richard. “Professor Richard Dawkins on Darwin.” National Geographic. 2009. http://natgeotv.com/uk/dawkins-darwin-evolution
  • “Evolution at NYU.” New York University. Last modified 1997. http://www.nyu.edu/projects/fitch/courses/evolution/index.html
  • Al-Khalili, Jim. “Science: Islam’s Forgotten Geniuses.” The Telegraph. January 29, 2008. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/3323462/Science-Islams-forgotten-geniuses.html
  • Mayr, Ernst. “Introduction.” On the Origin of Species. By Charles Darwin. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003. vii-xxvii
  • Rollin, Bernard E. “Animal Pain.” The Global Guide to Animal Protection. Ed. Andrew Linzey. Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2013. 256-257.
  • Tucker, Mary Evelyn and John Berthrong (eds.). Confucianism and Ecology: The Interrelation of Heaven, Earth, and Humans. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998.

 

Do They Exist?

ET: Is There Anybody Out There?

AI: Can Machines Have Minds?

 

Among Us Already…

  • Aust, Ulrike; Friederike Range; and Michael Steurer. “Inferential Reasoning By Exclusion in Pigeons, Dogs, and Humans.” Animal Cognition 11, no. 4 (October 2008), 587-597.
  • Chittka, Lars. “Dances as Windows Into Insect Perception.” PLOS Biology 2, no. 7 (July 2004), http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.0020216
  • Dawkins, Marian Stamp. “Distance and Social Recognition in Hens: Implications For the Use of Photographs As Social Stimuli.” Behaviour 133, no. 9/10 (August 1996), 663-680.
  • Diamond, Jared. “Animal Art: Variation in Bower Decorating Style Among Male Bowerbirds Amblyornis inornatus.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 83 (May 1986), 3042-3046.
  • “Early Days.” The Jane Goodall Institute. 2013. http://www.janegoodall.org/janes-story
  • Giurfa, Martin. “The Amazing Mini-Brain: Lessons From a Honey Bee.” Bee World 84, no. 1 (2003), 5-18.
  • Giusti, Ellen. Wild Minds: What Animals Really Think – Summative Evaluation of Science Center-Zoo Collaboration Exhibit and Programs. September 2012. http://informalscience.org/images/evaluation/Giusti_Wild_Minds_Summative.pdf
  • Goldman, Jason G. “Fish Learn To Use Tools, So Let’s Rethink the Definition of Tool Use.” iO9. April 30, 2014. http://animals.io9.com/fish-learn-to-use-tools-so-lets-rethink-the-definition-1569666569
  • Griffin, Donald R. Animal Minds: Beyond Cognition to Consciousness. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 2001.
  • Hart, Stephen. The Animal Communication Project. 2012. http://acp.eugraph.com/
  • Kelly, Colleen K. “Resource Choice in Cuscuta Europaea.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 89, no. 24 (December 1992), 12194-12197.
  • Kendrick, Keith M.; Ana P. da Costa; Andrea E. Leigh; Michael R. Hinton; and Jon W. Peirce. “Sheep Don’t Forget a Face.” Nature 414 (November 2001), 165-166.
  • Krulwich, Robert. “New Language Discovered: Prairiedogese.” NPR. January 20, 2011. http://www.npr.org/2011/01/20/132650631/new-language-discovered-prairiedogese
  • Leopold, David A. and Gillian Rhodes. “A Comparative View of Face Perception.” Journal of Comparative Psychology 124, no. 3 (August 2010), 233-251.
  • Linden, Eugene. The Octopus and the Orangutan: More True Tales of Animal Intrigue, Intelligence, and Ingenuity. New York, NY: Penguin Group, 2002.
  • Narby, Jeremy. Intelligence in Nature. New York, NY: Penguin Group, 2006.
  • Pilley, John W. and Alliston K. Reid. “Border Collie Comprehends Object Names As Verbal Referents.” Behavioural Processes 86, no. 2 (February 2011), 184-195.
  • Sickler, Jessica; John Fraser; Sarah Gruber; Paul Boyle; Tom Webler; and Diana Reiss. Thinking About Dolphins Thinking, WCS Working Paper No. 27. New York, NY: Wildlife Conservation Society, 2006.
  • Slobodchikoff, Con. “About Con’s Work.” Con Slobodchikoff. http://conslobodchikoff.com/
  • Slobodchikoff, Con. “Size and Shape Information Serve as Labels in the Alarm Calls of Gunnison’s Prairie Dogs Cynomys gunnisoni.” Current Zoology 58, no. 5 (October 2012), 741-748.
  • Stiffler, Lisa. “Understanding Orca Culture.” Smithsonian Magazine. August 2011. http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/understanding-orca-culture-12494696/?no-ist
  • “Video Shows First Tool Use By a Fish.” ScienceBlog. September 28, 2011. http://scienceblog.com/48078/video-show-tool-use-by-a-fish/#vTm4mcaL2syWAIo1.97

 

What Can Animals Tell Us?

  • Bonabeau, Eric; Marco Dorigo; and Guy Theraulaz. Swarm Intelligence: From Natural to Artificial Systems. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Courage, Katherine Harmon. Octopus! The Most Mysterious Creature in the Sea. New York, NY: Penguin Group, 2013.
  • Griffin, Donald R. Animal Minds: Beyond Cognition to Consciousness. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 2001.
  • Hickman, Cleveland P., Jr.; Larry S. Roberts; Susan L. Keen; Allan Larson; and David J. Eisenhour. Animal Diversity, Fourth Edition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2007.
  • “Interview With Dr. Laurance Doyle – A Man of Many Firsts.” SETI Institute. http://www.seti.org/node/463
  • Kaplan, Matt. “‘Bizarre’ Octopuses Carry Coconuts As Instant Shelters.” National Geographic. December 15, 2009. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/12/091214-octopus-carries-coconuts-coconut-carrying/
  • Kelly, Colleen K. “Resource Choice in Cuscuta Europaea.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 89, no. 24 (December 1992), 12194-12197.
  • Linden, Eugene. The Octopus and the Orangutan: More True Tales of Animal Intrigue, Intelligence, and Ingenuity. New York, NY: Penguin Group, 2002.
  • McNickle, Gordon G., and Joel S. Brown. “When Michaelis and Menten Met Holling: Towards a Mechanistic Theory of Plant Nutrient Foraging Behavior.” AoB Plants 6 (December 2014).
  • Narby, Jeremy. Intelligence in Nature. New York, NY: Penguin Group, 2006.
  • Pepperberg, Irene M. Alex & Me. New York, NY: Harper-Collins, 2008.
  • Raup, David M. “ETI Without Intelligence.” Extraterrestrials: Science and Alien Intelligence. Ed. Edward Regis, Jr. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1985.
  • Ritchison, Gary. “BIO 554/754 Ornithology – Nervous System: Brain and Senses.” Avian Biology. http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/birdbrain.html
  • Sickler, Jessica; John Fraser; Sarah Gruber; Paul Boyle; Tom Webler; and Diana Reiss. Thinking About Dolphins Thinking, WCS Working Paper No. 27. New York, NY: Wildlife Conservation Society, 2006.
  • Zolfagharifard, Ellie. “Flies Live in Matrix Time: How the Insect Sees Rolled Up Newspaper Moving in Slow Motion and Buzzes Away From Danger Quickly.” Daily Mail. September 15, 2013. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2421531/Time-doesnt-fly–youre-fly-How-insect-sees-rolled-newspaper-moving-slow-motion-buzzes-away-danger-quickly.html

 

The Riddle of Consciousness:

  • Bentham, Jeremy. “A Utilitarian View.” Animal Rights and Human Obligations. Ed. Tom Regan and Peter Singer. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1976. 129-130.
  • Bermond, Bob. “A Neuropsychological and Evolutionary Approach to Animal Consciousness and Animal Suffering.” The Animal Ethics Reader, Second Edition. Ed. Susan J. Armstrong and Richard G. Botzler. London, UK: Routledge, 2008. 99-112.
  • Blaszczak-Boxe, Agata. “Manta Rays Are First Fish to Recognise Themselves in a Mirror.” New Scientist. March 21, 2016. https://www.newscientist.com/article/2081640-manta-rays-are-first-fish-to-recognise-themselves-in-a-mirror/?utm_source=NSNS&utm_medium=ILC&utm_campaign=webpush&cmpid=ILC|NSNS|2016-GLOBAL-webpush-MANTARAYS
  • Chang, Liangtang; Qin Fang; Shikun Zhang; Mu-ming Poo; and Neng Gong. “Mirror-Induced Self-Directed Behaviors in Rhesus Monkeys After Visual-Somatosensory Training.” Current Biology 25, no. 2 (January 2015), 212-217.
  • Chong, Celena. “This Robot Passed a ‘Self-Awareness’ Test That Only Humans Could Handle Until Now.” Business Insider. July 23, 2015. http://www.businessinsider.com/this-robot-passed-a-self-awareness-test-that-only-humans-could-handle-until-now-2015-7
  • Cooke, R.F.; D.W. Bohnert; M.M. Reis; and B.I. Cappellozza. “Wolf Presence in the Ranch of Origin: Impacts on Temperament and Physiological Responses of Beef Cattle Following a Simulated Wolf Encounter.” Journal of Animal Science 91, no. 12 (December 2013), 5905-5911.
  • Dennett, Daniel C. “Animal Consciousness: What Matters and Why.” The Animal Ethics Reader, Second Edition. Ed. Susan J. Armstrong and Richard G. Botzler. London, UK: Routledge, 2008. 113-119.
  • Eisner, Thomas and Scott Camazine. “Spider Leg Autonomy Induced By Prey Venom Injection: An Adaptive Response to ‘Pain?'” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 80, no. 11 (June 1983), 3382-3385.
  • Elwood, Robert W.; Stuart Barr; and Lynsey Patterson. “Pain and Stress in Crustaceans?” Applied Animal Behavior Science 118, no. 3-4 (May 2009), 128-136.
  • Engelking, Carl. “Monkeys Learn to Recognize Themselves in a Mirror – And Promptly Check Out Their Butts.” Discover Magazine. January 8, 2015. http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/d-brief/2015/01/08/monkeys-recognize-themselves-mirror/#.VPO5r2ZRfM9
  • Existor Ltd. “Deep Context Through Parallel Processing.” Existor. 2014. http://www.existor.com/ai-parallel
  • Goodall, Jane. Through a Window: My Thirty Years With the Chimpanzees of Gombe. Boston, MA: Soko Publications Limited, 1990.
  • Griffin, Donald R. Animal Minds: Beyond Cognition to Consciousness. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 2001.
  • Griffin, Donald R. and Gayle B. Speck. “New Evidence of Animal Consciousness.” The Animal Ethics Reader, Second Edition. Ed. Susan J. Armstrong and Richard G. Botzler. London, UK: Routledge, 2008. 126-134.
  • Mendl, M. and E.S. Paul. “Consciousness, Emotion and Animal Welfare: Insights From Cognitive Science.” The Animal Ethics Reader, Second Edition. Ed. Susan J. Armstrong and Richard G. Botzler. London, UK: Routledge, 2008. 71-83.
  • Nagel, Thomas. “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?” The Philosophical Review 83, no. 4 (October 1974), 435-450.
  • Narby, Jeremy. Intelligence in Nature. New York, NY: Penguin Group, 2006.
  • Persson, Erik. “The Moral Status of Extraterrestrial Life.” Astrobiology 12, no. 10 (October 2012), 976-984.
  • Regan, Tom. “The Case for Animal Rights.” The Animal Ethics Reader, Second Edition. Ed. Susan J. Armstrong and Richard G. Botzler. London, UK: Routledge, 2008. 19-25.
  • Rollin, Bernard E. “Animal Pain.” The Animal Ethics Reader, Second Edition. Ed. Susan J. Armstrong and Richard G. Botzler. London, UK: Routledge, 2008. 135-140.
  • Singer, Peter. “Practical Ethics.” The Animal Ethics Reader, Second Edition. Ed. Susan J. Armstrong and Richard G. Botzler. London, UK: Routledge, 2008. 36-46.
  • Stehulova, Ilona; Lena Lidfors; and Marek Spinka. “Response of Dairy Cows and Calves to Early Separation: Effect of Calf Age and Visual and Auditory Contact After Separation.” Applied Animal Behavior Science 110, no.1-2 (March 2008), 144-165.
  • Tsuchiya, Naotsugu and Ralph Adolphs. “Emotion and Consciousness.” Trends in Cognitive Sciences 11, no. 4 (April 2007), 158-167.

 

What Should We Do?

 

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